更新Areca 1880的韌體到V1.56

手上有一張舊的磁碟陣列卡，最近的作動很奇怪，使用df去看容量的時候會出現負數。使用dmesg的錯誤訊息如下

# dmesg -T | tail
[Thu Mar 26 22:59:14 2020] EXT4-fs (sdf): error count: 622
[Thu Mar 26 22:59:14 2020] EXT4-fs (sdf): initial error at 1580290899: ext4_mb_generate_buddy:739
[Thu Mar 26 22:59:14 2020] EXT4-fs (sdf): last error at 1582988391: ext4_mb_generate_buddy:739
[Fri Mar 27 23:00:42 2020] EXT4-fs (sdf): error count: 622
[Fri Mar 27 23:00:42 2020] EXT4-fs (sdf): initial error at 1580290899: ext4_mb_generate_buddy:739
[Fri Mar 27 23:00:42 2020] EXT4-fs (sdf): last error at 1582988391: ext4_mb_generate_buddy:739
[Sat Mar 28 23:02:10 2020] EXT4-fs (sdf): error count: 622
[Sat Mar 28 23:02:10 2020] EXT4-fs (sdf): initial error at 1580290899: ext4_mb_generate_buddy:739
[Sat Mar 28 23:02:10 2020] EXT4-fs (sdf): last error at 1582988391: ext4_mb_generate_buddy:739
[Sun Mar 29 16:02:14 2020] arcmsr 0000:04:00.0: vpd r/w failed.  This is likely a firmware bug on this device.  Contact the card vendor for a firmware update.

雖然這個網頁說是下了指令lspci -vv導致的錯誤，但實際上這張RAID card上面的磁碟陣列還是作動不正常。

Ubuntu開機卡在init-bottom ... done.

Ubuntu 12.04雖然有正常使用shutdown指令關機，且關機前也有用sync;sync;sync把資料都寫入到硬碟上面 force competion of pending disk writes (flush cache)。但開機到下面後就卡住了：

• Begin: Running /scripts/init-premount ... done.
• Begin: Mounting root file system ... 
• Begin: Running /scripts/local-top ... done.
• Begin: Running /scripts/local-premount ... done.
• [10.367590] EXT4-fs (md1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
• Begin: Running /scripts/local-bottom ... done.
• done.
• Begin: Running /scripts/init-bottom ... done.

用最後一行當關鍵字搜尋，加上Ubuntu 12.04這個關聯性找到這個連結，看到下一行是：

Ubuntu 12.04固定開機GRUB選單

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS會自動更新kernel，開機後會直接選用最新的kernel。想要固定使用某個kernel，首先確定要用的那個核心：

• cat /boot/grub/grub.cfg | grep menuentry | grep 3.2.0-33-generic

上面是確定要用的3.2.0-33-generic這個核心存在，然後修改 /etc/default/grub。修改如下

• GRUB_DEFAULT="Previous Linux versions>Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-33-generic"

這個核心被放到Previous Linux versions這個submenu下面，所以要寫成上述的樣子。注意！選用的核心要用雙引號弄起來，系統才能夠辨識到。通通都做好後，用下面的指令重新產生/boot/grub/grub.cfg這個檔案

• sudo update-grub

這樣重開機以後，機器就會固定使用3.2.0-33-generic這個核心；而且未來即使系統自動更新了kernel，也會固定一直用這個核心開機